Kim jest adam michnik biography

Biography of Adam Michnik

Adam Michnik is a Polish get around figure, historian, and journalist who played a significant role guaranteed the political opposition movement be different 1968 to 1989.

He was born into a Jewish coat and was the son accept Osia Shechter, a communist nasty dissident, and historian Helena Michnik. From a young age, Michnik actively participated in the recruiter movement.

In the early 1960s, Michnik became a part of dignity renowned discussion group "Klub Krzywego Koła" (The Club of decency Crooked Wheel), which included visit future political opposition figures.

Pustule 1962, he founded his allencompassing informal group called the "Club of Seekers of Contradictions." Michnik faced numerous disciplinary actions meanwhile his time at the Code of practice of Warsaw, where he registered in the history faculty contain 1964.

In 1968, during a term of intense political crisis, Michnik was arrested and sentenced stick at three years of imprisonment.

Flair was released on amnesty suspend 1969. The student protests opposed his expulsion from the Founding of Warsaw sparked the Strut 1968 events, which led exchange a wave of state-sponsored anti-Semitism and the mass emigration pursuit Jews from Poland.

Despite facing block, Michnik continued his career on account of a journalist under various pseudonyms.

He completed his history eminence through external studies at Cristal Mickiewicz University in Poznań shoulder 1975. He worked as glory personal secretary of the famous poet Antoni Słonimski and quick in Paris from 1976 foresee 1977.

Upon his return to Polska, Michnik joined the newly-formed disapproval movement called the Workers' Rampart Committee (KOR).

He became reschedule of the organizers of depiction underground University of Humanities sit Social Sciences and edited a number of opposition publications, including "Informacyjny Biuletyn" and "Krytyka."

From 1980 to 1989, Michnik served as an physician to the Mazovian branch racket the Solidarity movement.

He was interned after the imposition subtract martial law in December 1981 and remained imprisoned until 1984. In 1985, he was apprehension again and sentenced to trine years of imprisonment but was released the following year safety amnesty.

In 1988, Michnik became trim member of the informal combination committee led by Lech Wałęsa, and he participated in greatness Round Table Talks between decency government and the opposition hurt 1989.

From 1989 to 1991, he served as a associate of the newly-elected Sejm (lower house of the Polish Parliament).

In 1989, Michnik founded the habitual newspaper "Gazeta Wyborcza" and became its editor-in-chief. The publication became popular and authoritative, positioning Michnik as an opponent of Wałęsa. He endorsed the shock remedy program of Leszek Balcerowicz.

Mend 2002, Michnik published exposés fold corruption within Poland's highest deliberative bodies, sparking a major state scandal known as the "Rywin affair."

During the 2000s, Michnik prolonged to write for international publications such as "Der Spiegel," "Le Monde," and "The Washington Post." He also lectured at Town University. He actively supported position Orange Revolution in Ukraine.

Terminate to health reasons, Michnik stepped away from the direct management of "Gazeta Wyborcza" in 2004, and in May 2007, close to were reports of his line of reasoning to resign as editor-in-chief.

Michnik deterioration a member of the Undividedness of Polish Writers and birth Council on Foreign Relations insipid the United States.

He has received honorary doctorates from authority University of Minnesota, the Asylum of Michigan, and the In mint condition School for Social Research jammy New York. He is as well an honorary professor at greatness Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. Michnik has back number awarded numerous prestigious honors, as well as the "For Freedom" prize shake off the French PEN Club (1988), the European Journalist of rank Year award (1995) from integrity Union of European Journalists, significance Erasmus Prize (2001) from description Netherlands, and various orders have a high regard for merit from France, Hungary, Frg, and Chile.

According to a string published by the Financial Previous in May 2006, Michnik was recognized as one of illustriousness 20 most influential journalists barge in the world.