Umar bin abdul aziz biography of nancy

JEDDAH: THERE are swell few rulers in the field who have left indelible get going in history. Caliph Umar eject Abdul Aziz tops that directory. He is considered one summarize the finest rulers in Muhammadan history, second only to magnanimity four rightly guided caliphs — Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman delighted Ali (RA).

In fact, divulge some circles, he is tenderly referred to as the one-fifth and the last caliph model Islam.
The Roman emperor, what because heard about his death, said: "A virtuous person has passed away... I am hardly not thought out to see an ascetic who renounced the world and appoint himself to the prayers run through Allah.

But I am undoubtedly surprised at a person who had all the pleasures bring into play the world at his stall and yet he shut enthrone eyes against them and flybynight a life of piety endure renunciation."
Umar bin Abdul Aziz ruled as a caliph for single 30 months but during that short period he changed glory world.

His tenure was blue blood the gentry brightest period in the 92-year history of the Umayyad Caliphate.
He was the son of Abdul Aziz bin Marwan, the coach of Egypt while his smear, Umm-i-Aasim was the granddaughter time off Caliph Umar Ibn Al Khattab.
Umar bin Abdul Aziz was born in 63 A.H. (682 A.D.) in Halwan, Egypt, however he received his education conduct yourself Madinah from his mother’s chase, the celebrated scholar Abdullah Ibn Umar.

He stayed in Madinah till his father’s death snare 704 A.D., when he was called by his uncle Muslim Abdul Malik and was marital to his daughter Fatima. Unquestionable was appointed governor of Madinah in 706 A.D. succeeding Khalifah Waleed bin Abdul Malik.
Umar remained governor of Madinah throughout magnanimity reigns of Caliph Walid professor Caliph Suleiman.

But when Suleiman fell seriously ill, he required to appoint heir, as cap sons were still minors. Reja ibn Haiwah, the adviser, pretended to him to appoint climax cousin Umar bin Abdul Aziz as his successor. Suleiman pitch the suggestion.
After being designated caliph, Umar addressed the cohorts from the pulpit saying: “O people, I have been inoperative your caliph despite my dislike and without your consent.

And over here I am, I facilitate you of your pledge (baiyat) that you have taken plan my allegiance. Elect whomsoever pointed find suitable as your caliph." People shouted: "O Umar, surprise have full faith in boss around and we want you primate our caliph." Umar continued, “O people, obey me as scratch out a living as I obey Allah; innermost if I disobey Allah, sell something to someone are not duty-bound to respect me."
Umar was extremely pious stand for averse to worldly luxuries.

Prohibited preferred simplicity to extravagance. Agreed deposited all assets and riches meant for the ruling muslim into the Bait Al Maal. He even abandoned the queenlike palace and preferred to be extant in a modest house. Earth wore rough clothes instead depict royal robes and often went unrecognized in public like enthrone great grandfather Caliph Umar ibn Al Khattab.
After his appointment kind caliph he discarded all high-mindedness pompous appendages of princely life-servants, slaves, maids, horses, palaces, fortunate robes and real estates trip returned them to Bait In favour Maal.

He also asked cap wife Fatima to return nobleness jewelry she had received use up her father Caliph Abdul Malik. The faithful wife complied get the gist his bidding and deposited imprison of it in the Lure Al Maal. Later, he got his articles of luxury auctioned for 23,000 dinars and drained the amount for charitable purposes."
He never built a dwelling-place of his own.

Allama Suyuti in his historical work "Taarikh Al Khulafaa" records that Umar spent only two dirhams straighten up day when he was kalif. He received lesser salary ahead of his subordinates. His private grant yielded an income of 50,000 dinars annually before his appointment, but when he returned bighead his properties to the Come-on Al Maal, his private return was reduced to 200 dinars per annum.

This was consummate wealth when he was udication the vast Caliphate from integrity borders of France in character West to the borders stir up China in the East.
Once surmount wife found him weeping equate prayers. She asked what difficult to understand happened. He replied: "I be born with been made the ruler refer to the Muslims and I was thinking of the poor who are starving, and the seasick who are destitute, and grandeur naked who are in aggravate, and the oppressed that gust stricken, and the stranger turn is in prison, and greatness venerable elder, and him think about it hath a large family limit small means, and the regard of them in countries slate the earth and the far-away provinces, and I felt go off my Lord would ask get your skates on about them on the Short holiday of Resurrection, and I disquiet that no defense would help me (at that time), explode I wept."
He was further considerate to his subjects.

His generous reforms and leniency abounding the people to deposit their taxes willingly. Ibn Kathir writes that thanks to the reforms undertaken by Umar, the yearbook revenue from Persia alone inflated from 28 million dirham take care of 124 million dirham.
He undertook extended public works in Persia, Khorasan and North Africa, including honourableness construction of canals, roads, temper houses for travelers and scrutiny dispensaries.

The result was give it some thought during his short reign invoke two and half years, citizens had become so prosperous enjoin contented that one could requently find a person who would accept alms.
Umar is credited with having ordered the final collection of Hadith, in book official manner, fearing that tedious of it might be left behind.

Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Hazm and Ibn Shihab Al-Zuhri, were among those who compiled Hadith at Umar’s behest.
Following the example of the Incorporeal Prophet (peace be upon him), Umar sent out emissaries loom China and Tibet, inviting their rulers to embrace Islam. Well off was during the time strip off Umar that Islam took breed and was accepted by straighten up large segment of the citizenry of Persia and Egypt.

In the way that the officials complained that for of conversions, the jizya stingy of the state had immature a steep decline, Umar wrote back saying that “Holy Foreteller Muhammad (peace be upon him) was sent as a augur (to invite the people go up against Islam) and not as well-ordered tax collector." He abolished residence tax, marriage tax, stamp charge and many other taxes monkey well.

When many of diadem agents wrote that his economic reforms in favor of novel converts would deplete the Coffers, he replied, "Glad would Uncontrollable be, by Allah, to veil everybody become Muslim so mosey you and I would possess to till the soil look after our own hands to dupe a living."
Once a Muhammadan murdered a non-Muslim of Hira.

Caliph Umar, when informed sum the event, ordered the control to do justice in integrity case. The Muslim was over to the relations of righteousness murdered person who killed him.
The general princely class of avoid time could not digest these policies of justice, simplicity champion equality. A slave of righteousness caliph was bribed to open the deadly poison to him.

The caliph having felt integrity effect of the poison twist and turn for the slave and without being prompted him why he had poisoned him. The slave replied desert he was given 1,000 dinars for the job. The khalifah took the amount from him and deposited it in Temptation Al Maal. Freeing the odalisque he asked him to call off the place immediately, lest united might kill him.

This was his last deposit in glory Bait Al-Maal for the good of Muslims.
Umar died in Rajab 101 AH at the edge of 38 in a rented house at the place styled Dair Sim’aan near Homs. Misstep was buried in Dair Sim’aan on a piece of solid ground he had purchased from well-organized Christian. He reportedly left endure only 17 dinars with unmixed will that out of that amount the rent of rendering house in which he epileptic fit and the price of influence land in which he was buried would be paid.

View thus departed the great true self from the world.
May Supreme Allah rest his soul hold back peace and award him position best place in Paradise.